The article discusses theoretical and practical aspects of cognitive rehabilitation in patients after cardiac surgery from the standpoint of the sanogenesis concept. The aim of the study is to substantiate an integrated, staged and multidisciplinary approach to cognitive function recovery in cardiac surgery patients, including balance and dual-task methods. Material and methods: the analysis of domestic and foreign literature (15 sources) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction, sanogenesis, neuroplasticity and rehabilitation technologies was carried out. Results: it is shown that after cardiac surgery sanogenesis is impaired at several levels — intraoperative (cardiopulmonary bypass, hypoperfusion, microembolization, systemic inflammatory response, hypothermia) and postoperative (immobilization, hypoxia, pain, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, pharmacological load). The necessity of staged recovery is substantiated: intraoperative neuroprotection, early postoperative activation, cognitive training, psychological support, educational modules and control of modifiable risk factors. Special attention is paid to balance methods: stabilotraining on the ST-150 stabiloplatform with biofeedback, dual-task training, virtual reality and vestibular gymnastics. Data are presented on the reduction of the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction from 80% to 56.7% (p=0.04) when using dual tasks, as well as on the increase in training effectiveness in virtual reality by approximately 30% compared with standard methods. The role of assessing the patient's sanogenetic potential (cognitive reserve, physical performance, motivation, social support, somatic status) for personalizing the rehabilitation program is emphasized. Conclusions: cognitive rehabilitation after cardiac surgery is an essential component of restorative treatment; an integrated, staged and multidisciplinary approach based on the activation of the body's own adaptive mechanisms allows restoring cognitive functions and improving the quality of life of patients, especially the elderly.