Электронный научный журнал

This article analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms of presbyosmia, its association with cognitive aging, and the potential for correction using essential oils. Both peripheral and central components of the olfactory system are discussed, with a focus on sex-specific neurofunctional differences. Particular attention is given to olfactory training and its biochemical basis through active compounds in essential oils with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Protocols for daytime active training and passive overnight enrichment are described, along with clinical and neuroimaging evidence supporting their effectiveness. The need for standardized methodologies, stimulus quality control, and patient stratification by clinical profile is emphasized.