Электронный научный журнал

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the adult population. The results of a diagnostic search is crucial for choosing a treatment method. One of the most important indicators in taking an anamnesis in a patient with signs of a stroke is the time of onset of symptoms, which further determines the possibility of thrombolysis. It is possible to reliably distinguish between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke only with the help of neuroimaging. The following studies are recommended for all patients with suspected stroke: computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, determination of blood glucose levels, blood electrolytes, markers of kidney function, measurement of saturation, detailed clinical blood count, including platelets, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, cardiac ischemia biomarkers, electrocardiogram. The purpose of these studies is to identify the "masks" of stroke, to diagnose critical comorbidities such as myocardial ischemia, and to identify contraindications to thrombolytic therapy. The main goal of neuroimaging in patients with suspected ischemic stroke is to exclude the presence of non-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, as well as differential diagnosis with hemorrhagic stroke. Multimodal MRI slices, especially diffusion-weighted images, have better resolution than non-contrast CT and therefore have greater sensitivity for detecting acute ischemic stroke. Immediate treatment of stroke reduces the disability associated with this pathological process. Old age is a recognized risk factor for ischemic stroke, but there is debate about how age affects recovery. Functional ability and pre-stroke cognitive ability have been shown to be associated with disease outcome. Complications after a stroke are common and include visual impairment, dysphagia, chest infection, venous thromboembolism, confusion, and bowel and bladder disorders. The approach to the treatment of stroke in patients of the discussed age category should be individualized.