Электронный научный журнал

The term "primary health care" was first coined in 1975. Primary health care is provided on an outpatient basis in a medical organization (its subdivision) that provides primary health care, at the patient's place of residence (stay), at the place of departure of the mobile medical team and in a day hospital, including a hospital at home. Primary care provides medical care to all citizens of the Russian Federation; a patient can get an appointment with a primary care doctor by means of self-registration. This health structure carries out measures for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases and conditions, medical rehabilitation, monitoring women's health, instills healthy lifestyle skills, identifies and reduces risk factors for diseases, and is engaged in health and hygiene education. Now, the Russian Federation is undergoing modernization of the primary health care system. In 2016, a pilot project "Lean Polyclinic" was introduced in a number of regions, the purpose of which is to introduce lean technologies in medical organizations to increase the availability of primary health care by optimizing the internal work processes of, first of all, polyclinics. One of the achievements of the project is to reduce the waiting time in the queue at the reception by four times, and the number of visits during the first stage of clinical examination of certain population groups has decreased by 3.7 times, the waiting time for a doctor in the queue for the initial appointment - by 8 times. This achievement of the project is especially important and relevant for elderly patients. According to L. V. Kolpina, it is among the primary care patients that elderly patients most often predominate, and it is the doctors of the outpatient practice who are more likely to possess negative stereotypes about aging and are carriers of such a social phenomenon as ageism. Ageism as a social phenomenon was first defined by Robert Butler, American psychologist and director of the US National Institute on Aging, in 1969. Summarizing various approaches to explaining this social phenomenon, L.V. Kolpina defines ageism as infringement of rights, neglect and degrading human dignity practices, implemented on the basis of negative age stereotyping, as well as negative age stereotypes themselves.To find ways to overcome ageism in the primary care, it is necessary to study the experience of foreign colleagues, since this social phenomenon in the Russian Federation has been little studied.