The article reveals the issues of keratoprotection in patients elderly and senile age. The aged biological characteristics of the corneal endothelium were determined. We selected 450 of volunteers, which made quantitative determination of the density of endothelial cells. The article describes the results of the study, which revealed a significant increase in endothelial cell deficiency with increasing number of years lived. We found that the volume of cell losses for every 10 years of life was about 2.44-4.25% of their number in the previous decade.